Which process involves the transformation of light energy into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis is the process that involves the transformation of light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis, plants, algae, and some bacteria capture light energy from the sun using chlorophyll in their chloroplasts. This light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into glucose, a type of sugar that serves as a form of chemical energy.

The overall reaction of photosynthesis can be simplified to show that light energy, along with carbon dioxide and water, produce glucose and oxygen. This process is crucial because it forms the basis of the food chain, providing energy for primary producers and subsequently for all other organisms in the ecosystem. In essence, photosynthesis is a fundamental process for life on Earth, enabling the storage of energy in organic molecules.