What is the process by which water vapor becomes liquid water?

The process by which water vapor becomes liquid water is known as condensation. This occurs when water vapor in the air cools and loses energy, causing the molecules to slow down and clump together to form liquid droplets. This is often observed in the formation of clouds or dew. As the air cools, it can no longer hold all the water vapor, leading to the transition from a gas to a liquid state. This process is crucial in the water cycle, as it contributes to the formation of precipitation and allows fresh water to replenish the Earth's surface.