What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis refers to the physiological processes that organisms use to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. This includes regulation of factors such as temperature, pH, hydration, and electrolyte balance. For example, humans maintain a core body temperature of approximately 98.6°F (37°C) through various mechanisms like sweating or shivering, which help to either release or conserve heat.

The concept of homeostasis is fundamental to biology because it is essential for the survival and functioning of living organisms. A stable internal environment allows cells to operate effectively, ensuring proper function and overall health. When homeostasis is disrupted, it can lead to various health issues or even death, emphasizing its importance in biological systems.